{"title":"Protocols","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"cardamom","title":"Cardamom","description":"Green cardamom is part of the Zingiberaceae family, distributed in tropical and subtropical areas, and has been widely used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine to prevent and treat numerous pathologies [6]. It is often referred to as the \"Queen of Spices,” known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-emetic, anti-microbial properties and for cardiovascular disease \u0026amp; neurodegenerative disease prevention [6]. The main bioactive compounds of cardamom are terpenes and phenolic compounds, which exhibit powerful antioxidant properties. Their main bioactive compounds are as follows: 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, nerolidol, sabinene, g-terpinene, α-pinene, methyl linoleate, α-terpineol, β-pinene, n-hexadecanoic acid, and limonene [1].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135724617817,"sku":"W010089000","price":9.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"saffron","title":"Saffron","description":"The genus Crocus is a member of the Iridaceae (subfamily Crocoideae) and consists of about 100 species that occur in the wild. These are mainly found in central-southern Europe (Balkan Peninsula), North Africa, and Western Asia [5]. In some Asian countries, traditional knowledge on saffron healing effects dates from prehistoric periods (12th Century BC) [9,10]. Traditionally, Saffron has been used as a tonic to strengthen the vascular \u0026amp; nervous system and for treatment of depression, insomnia, measles, and dysentery [11]. Chemical determinants of the bitterness, scent, and color of saffron are thought to be derived from terpenoid precursors [6]. Other constituents of saffron include the phenolic acids, such as tannic, gallic, caffeic, cinnamic, chlorogenic, ferulic, and vanillic acids [1]. In particular, picrocrocin, safranal and crocetin (a carotenoid) are powerful phytochemicals that are associated with decreased oxidative stress [7]. Safranal is an antioxidant with radical-scavenger properties, and may be useful as an anticonvulsant and antidepressant [8]. Among the saffron constituents, crocetin has the strongest antioxidant activity (DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate)  [7].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135724716121,"sku":"W010090000","price":15.7,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"l-tyrosine","title":"L-tyrosine","description":"Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid, meaning that although it is critical for the formation of neurotransmitters and thyroid hormone production it can be synthesized in the body and does not need to come from the diet exclusively.\n\nTyrosine is also an important building block of numerous proteins.\n\nOf critical import a key indication for the well documented use of tyrosine is in the inherited condition called PKU – phenylketonuria.  It is also used for cognitive support. [Reference 1,2,3]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135724847193,"sku":"W130006000","price":3.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"zinc-citrate","title":"Zinc citrate","description":"Zinc is an essential mineral that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Zinc is also found in many cold lozenges and some over-the-counter drugs sold as cold remedies.\n\nZinc is involved in numerous aspects of cellular metabolism. It is required for the catalytic activity of approximately 100 enzymes [1,2] and it plays a role in immune function [3,4], protein synthesis [4], wound healing [5], DNA synthesis [2,4], and cell division [4]. Zinc also supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence [6-8] and is required for proper sense of taste and smell [9]. A daily intake of zinc is required to maintain a steady state because the body has no specialized zinc storage system [10].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135724912729,"sku":"W040008000","price":4.8,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"magnesium-glycinate","title":"Magnesium glycinate","description":"Magnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood pressure regulation [1-3]. Magnesium is required for energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. It contributes to the structural development of bone and is required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and the antioxidant glutathione. Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [3].\nAn adult body contains approximately 25 g magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues [4]. Less than 1% of total magnesium is in blood serum, and these levels are kept under tight control. Normal serum magnesium concentrations range between 0.75 and 0.95 millimoles (mmol)\/L [1,5]. Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level less than 0.75 mmol\/L [6]. Magnesium homeostasis is largely controlled by the kidney, which typically excretes about 120 mg magnesium into the urine each day [2]. Urinary excretion is reduced when magnesium status is low [1].\n\nAssessing magnesium status is difficult because most magnesium is inside cells or in bone [3]. The most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status is measurement of serum magnesium concentration, even though serum levels have little correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues [6]. Other methods for assessing magnesium status include measuring magnesium concentrations in erythrocytes, saliva, and urine; measuring ionized magnesium concentrations in blood, plasma, or serum; and conducting a magnesium-loading (or “tolerance”) test. No single method is considered satisfactory [7]. Some experts [4] but not others [3] consider the tolerance test (in which urinary magnesium is measured after parenteral infusion of a dose of magnesium) to be the best method to assess magnesium status in adults. To comprehensively evaluate magnesium status, both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment might be required [6].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135724945497,"sku":"W040002000","price":2.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"n-acetyl-cysteine-nac","title":"N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)","description":"N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a modified version of the amino acid cysteine. Cystine is important in a number of vital metabolic pathways giving and receiving methyl groups involved in everything from protein synthesis to detoxification reactions. Taken by mouth NAC is key to  the activity of the body’s most important antioxidant inside cells called glutathione. It has  been used in a number of different medical conditions with some of the best success being for the treatment of chronic bronchitis. It also appears to be beneficial in the setting of certain kinds of viral infections such as influenza. [1]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135751159897,"sku":"W140010000","price":1.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"potassium-citrate","title":"Potassium citrate","description":"Potassium is a key element in the body forming a large percentage of the ionic component of the environment inside cells [intracellular] as opposed to the extracellular environment [in plasma and outside of and between cells. \n\nThe body has a daily obligate loss of potassium through the kidneys since the kidneys are not perfectly efficient at reabsorbing potassium from the renal tubules in the process of filtering the blood.\n\nLow potassium values can come from endocrine diseases such as Addison’s disease and hypoaldosteronism. Low potassium can also occur in patients who lose extra potassium through the kidneys through the use of medications such as diuretics. [Reference 7]\n\nStandard Western diets are higher in sodium than potassium. This increased ratio of sodium to potassium results in an increased risk of high blood pressure, hypertension and stroke. [Reference 1, 2, 11]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135755845721,"sku":"W040013000","price":8.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"calcium-hydroxyapatite","title":"Calcium hydroxyapatite","description":"Calcium hydroxyapatite is the principal mineral component of bone and teeth, comprising approximately 70% of bone mass by weight. As a dietary supplement, hydroxyapatite is used primarily in two forms: microcrystalline hydroxyapatite (MCH) and ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC). These preparations are derived from bovine bone and provide not only bioavailable calcium and phosphate in their natural crystalline form, but also bone matrix proteins including type I collagen, growth factors, and other organic components that may support bone metabolism. Unlike simple calcium salts such as calcium carbonate or calcium citrate, hydroxyapatite supplements provide calcium in a matrix that more closely resembles the natural composition of human bone. This structural similarity may contribute to enhanced biological effects on bone formation and mineralization. The ossein component (bone matrix proteins) in OHC formulations may exert additional anabolic effects on bone metabolism beyond simple calcium supplementation [1,2,3]. Hydroxyapatite supplements are clinically indicated for osteoporosis, osteopenia, and prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal and perimenopausal women, as well as for general calcium supplementation in populations at risk for bone density decline [1,2,3,4].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135760826457,"sku":"W040017000","price":7.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"hawthorn","title":"Hawthorn","description":"Crataegus monogyna Fruit Ext.Dry Conc Hawthorn refers to several species within the genus Crataegus, a member of the Rosaceae family, widely distributed across the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. The medicinal use of hawthorn has an extensive history spanning multiple cultures and millennia. In Europe, hawthorn's cardiovascular benefits were first documented by the Greek physician Dioscorides in the first century A.D., making it the oldest known medicinal plant in European herbal medicine. In China, hawthorn was first recorded in the Tang Materia Medica (Tang Ben Cao) dating back to 659 A.D., the first known official pharmacopeia in the world. Traditionally, hawthorn has been used as an edible medicinal plant for cardiovascular conditions such as mild heart failure (New York Heart Association class II), angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias, as well as for digestive ailments and as a food source [1,2]. The pharmacologically active components include flavonoids such as hyperoside, vitexin, vitexin-2\"-O-rhamnoside, rutin, and quercetin, oligomeric procyanidins (including epicatechin, procyanidin B2, B5, and C1), phenolic acids (particularly chlorogenic acid), triterpenes, and anthocyanins. These phytochemicals contribute to hawthorn's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and positive inotropic effects [2,3,4].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135766790233,"sku":"W010078000","price":6.4,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"hobamine","title":"Hobamine","description":"2-hydroxybenzylamine (2-HOBA), is a naturally occurring compound that is at the forefront of new developments to support cellular health [10]. It is naturally found in buckwheat, is orally available, rapidly metabolized, and crosses the blood brain barrier, resulting in brain 2-HOBA levels approximately twice as high as plasma levels [1,2]. 2-HOBA acts as a potent scavenger of reactive aldehyde species (RASP) [5]. RASPs are formed by lipid peroxidation, alcohol oxidation, and polyamine \u0026amp; glucose metabolism and elevated levels of RASPs are generally observed in ocular and systemic inflammatory disease [4]. Recent \u0026amp; registered clinical trials using 2-HOBA show promising effect on multiple cardiometabolic diseases \u0026amp; inflammatory-disease processes [7,8,9].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135772885081,"sku":"W140030000","price":12.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"magnesium-threonate","title":"Magnesium threonate","description":"Many functions of magnesium in organ systems throughout the body are related to the magnesium ion itself. Some are unique or accentuated in a specific salt of magnesium. Magnesium citrate, like magnesium sulfate, is often used for its laxative properties. [1]\nIn other circumstances, a specific counterion or chelate of magnesium has unique properties. Magnesium threonate is such a chelate as it possesses the unique ability to pass through the blood - brain barrier and increase brain magnesium levels to a higher degree than other magnesium salts and chelates. [1]\nMagnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood pressure regulation [2 - 4]. Magnesium is required for energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. It contributes to the structural development of bone and is required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and the antioxidant glutathione. Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [4].\nAn adult body contains approximately 25 g magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues [4]. Less than 1% of total magnesium is in blood serum, and these levels are kept under tight control. Normal serum magnesium concentrations range between 0.75 and 0.95 millimoles (mmol)\/L [2,6]. Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level less than 0.75 mmol\/L [7]. Magnesium homeostasis is largely controlled by the kidney, which typically excretes about 120 mg magnesium into the urine each day [2]. Urinary excretion is reduced when magnesium status is low [2].\nAssessing magnesium status is difficult because most magnesium is inside cells or in bone [4]. The most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status is measurement of serum magnesium concentration, even though serum levels have little correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues [7]. Other methods for assessing magnesium status include measuring magnesium concentrations in erythrocytes, saliva, and urine; measuring ionized magnesium concentrations in blood, plasma, or serum; and conducting a magnesium - loading (or “tolerance”) test. No single method is considered satisfactory [8]. Some experts [5] but not others [3] consider the tolerance test (in which urinary magnesium is measured after parenteral infusion of a dose of magnesium) to be the best method to assess magnesium status in adults. To comprehensively evaluate magnesium status, both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment might be required [7].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135776981081,"sku":"W030015000","price":4.2,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"nicotinamide-riboside-chloride-nr","title":"Nicotinamide riboside chloride (NR)","description":"Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a precursor to the important cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), essential to all cell types as a supplier of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and plays a role in multiple enzymatic processes involved in metabolic regulation, immunometabolism, aging, as well as DNA repair, transcription and transduction [1,2,3,4].  2016 marks the first year that a human clinical trial was conducted and showed safety and efficacy with oral nicotinamide riboside supplementation, stimulating NAD+ metabolism in a dose-dependent manner [1,8].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135779373145,"sku":"W030029000","price":9.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"manganese-gluconate","title":"Manganese gluconate","description":"Manganese is an essential trace element that is naturally present in many foods and available as a dietary supplement. Manganese is a cofactor for many enzymes, including manganese superoxide dismutase, arginase, and pyruvate carboxylase [1,2]. Through the action of these enzymes, manganese is involved in amino acid, cholesterol, glucose, and carbohydrate metabolism; reactive oxygen species scavenging; bone formation; reproduction; and immune response [3-7]. Manganese also plays a role in blood clotting and hemostasis in conjunction with vitamin K [5].\n\nManganese is absorbed in the small intestine through an active transport system and, possibly, through diffusion when intakes are high [2]. After absorption, some manganese remains free, but most is bound to transferrin, albumin, and plasma alpha-2-macroglobulin. Manganese is taken up by the liver and other tissues, but the mechanism of this process is not well understood [1,2].\n\nThe human body contains about 10 to 20 mg manganese, of which 25% to 40% is in bone [1,2]. The liver, pancreas, kidney, and brain also contain manganese. The body maintains stable tissue manganese concentrations through regulatory control of manganese absorption and excretion [5]. More than 90% of absorbed manganese is excreted via bile into the feces, and a small amount is reabsorbed [1,2,4,5]. Very little is excreted in urine.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135780257881,"sku":"W040010000","price":7.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"magnesium-citrate","title":"Magnesium citrate","description":"Many functions of magnesium in organ systems throughout the body are related to the magnesium ion itself. Some are unique or accentuated in a specific salt of magnesium. Magnesium citrate, like magnesium sulfate is often used for its laxative properties. [Ref 1]\n\nMagnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood pressure regulation [2-4]. Magnesium is required for energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. It contributes to the structural development of bone and is required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and the antioxidant glutathione. Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [4].\nAn adult body contains approximately 25 g magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues [4]. Less than 1% of total magnesium is in blood serum, and these levels are kept under tight control. Normal serum magnesium concentrations range between 0.75 and 0.95 millimoles (mmol)\/L [2,6]. Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level less than 0.75 mmol\/L [7]. Magnesium homeostasis is largely controlled by the kidney, which typically excretes about 120 mg magnesium into the urine each day [2]. Urinary excretion is reduced when magnesium status is low [2].\n\nAssessing magnesium status is difficult because most magnesium is inside cells or in bone [4]. The most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status is measurement of serum magnesium concentration, even though serum levels have little correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues [7]. Other methods for assessing magnesium status include measuring magnesium concentrations in erythrocytes, saliva, and urine; measuring ionized magnesium concentrations in blood, plasma, or serum; and conducting a magnesium-loading (or “tolerance”) test. No single method is considered satisfactory [8]. Some experts [5] but not others [3] consider the tolerance test (in which urinary magnesium is measured after parenteral infusion of a dose of magnesium) to be the best method to assess magnesium status in adults. To comprehensively evaluate magnesium status, both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment might be required [7].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135781535833,"sku":"W040003000","price":2.2,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"chaste-tree-vitex","title":"Chaste tree (Vitex)","description":"Vitex agnus-castus, commonly known as chasteberry or chaste tree, is a Mediterranean shrub with a long history of use in traditional medicine for female reproductive health. The dried fruit contains a complex mixture of bioactive compounds, including iridoid glycosides (primarily agnuside), flavonoids, and clerodadienol-type diterpenes. Agnuside is a major iridoid glycoside that serves as a key marker compound for standardization of Vitex extracts and is present in significant, reliably quantifiable concentrations in pharmaceutical preparations [1]. The pharmacological effects of Vitex agnus-castus on reproductive health are primarily mediated through dopaminergic activity at the hypothalamic-pituitary level, leading to modulation of prolactin secretion. This activity is mainly attributed to clerodadienol-type diterpenes rather than agnuside itself. However, agnuside contributes to the overall pharmacological profile and has demonstrated distinct biological activities in preclinical research [1,2,3]. Pharmacokinetic studies confirm that agnuside is absorbed after oral administration and is detectable in plasma, with validated analytical methods (UHPLC-MS\/MS) available for its measurement, supporting its bioavailability and potential systemic effects [2].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135784484953,"sku":"W010067000","price":12.2,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"gymnema","title":"Gymnema","description":"Gymnema sylvestre is a medicinal plant from the Apocynaceae (formerly Asclepiadaceae) family, traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine and commonly known as “gurmar” (meaning “sugar destroyer”) for its distinctive ability to suppress sweet taste sensations [1,2]. The plant’s therapeutic effects are primarily attributed to triterpene saponins called gymnemic acids, along with gymnemasaponins and a polypeptide called gurmarin [1]. These phytochemicals are responsible for its most well-known property: antidiabetic activity. Gymnemic acids work through multiple mechanisms including promoting glucose homeostasis, controlling sugar cravings, and potentially supporting pancreatic regeneration. [1]. Beyond diabetes management, G. sylvestre demonstrates several other pharmacological properties. The plant exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotective activities [2]. It has been used traditionally for treating arthritis, asthma, constipation, and hypercholesterolemia [1]. A systematic review and meta-analysis found that supplementation significantly decreased triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, fasting blood sugar, and diastolic blood pressure [3]. The plant is native to regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia [2]. Notably, geographic varieties show chemical variation, Vietnamese samples contain different gymnemoside compounds compared to Indian varieties, suggesting geo-diversity in phytochemical composition [4]. Due to overexploitation for pharmaceutical use, biotechnological approaches including cell suspension cultures are being developed for sustainable production of gymnemic acid [5,6].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135787532377,"sku":"W010075000","price":7.7,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"st-johns-wort","title":"St John's Wort","description":"St. John's Wort is a flowering perennial herb native to Europe with a long history of traditional use for mood disorders. The aerial parts of the plant contain multiple bioactive constituents, including naphthodianthrones (primarily hypericin and pseudohypericin), phloroglucinols (primarily hyperforin), flavonoids, and xanthones. Clinical extracts are typically standardized to hypericin (0.1-0.3%) and\/or hyperforin (1-6%) content, though hyperforin is more strongly implicated as the primary constituent responsible for antidepressant efficacy rather than hypericin [5,8]. The mechanism of action is complex and multifactorial, involving modulation of multiple neurotransmitter systems including serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine reuptake inhibition, as well as effects on GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. Hyperforin appears to be the key compound mediating these effects through inhibition of synaptosomal uptake of neurotransmitters [5,8]. St. John's Wort is notable for its significant drug-drug interactions, primarily through induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes (especially CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein, which can reduce the efficacy of numerous medications including oral contraceptives, anticoagulants, immunosuppressants, and antiretroviral drugs [5,6,7].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135789269081,"sku":"W010062000","price":9.9,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"chamomile","title":"Chamomile","description":"Chamomile is a commonly used tea and herb. It’s primary uses have been to help insomnia and to induce relaxation and fight anxiety. It may be especially helpful in patients who have both anxiety and depression. [Reference 1,2]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135791759449,"sku":"W010066000","price":11.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"lavender","title":"Lavender","description":"Lavender is an herbal product that can be taken orally and is also used for aromatherapy. It is most useful for anxiety but also may have effects improving sleep quality, helping depression, slightly lowering blood pressure, and improving dysmenorrhea. [Reference 1]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135793659993,"sku":"W010065000","price":9.3,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"olive-leaf","title":"Olive leaf","description":"Oleuropein is the principal bioactive phenolic compound found in olive leaves, fruit, and oil derived from Olea europaea L. (olive tree). It is a secoiridoid glycoside that accounts for many of the therapeutic properties attributed to olive-derived products. Upon ingestion, oleuropein is metabolized to hydroxytyrosol and other metabolites with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Oleuropein exhibits multiple mechanisms of action, including free radical scavenging, modulation of inflammatory pathways (inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2), enhancement of nitric oxide bioavailability, improvement of endothelial function, and regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. These pleiotropic effects contribute to its cardiovascular, metabolic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties [1,2,6,8].\nOlive leaf extract is typically standardized to oleuropein content (ranging from 10-40% oleuropein by weight) and is used as a nutraceutical supplement for cardiovascular health, metabolic syndrome, and chronic disease prevention [1,2,5].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135796609113,"sku":"W010061000","price":8.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"celery","title":"Celery","description":"Celery seed is a common spice but is also used as an herbal supplement. Its primary use is as a diuretic. This action may also be used as part of detoxification treatments. Celery seed does not come from the common celery we eat as a vegetable but rather from an ancestor plant of the current celery in use as a vegetable known as wild celery. It may also have some degree of antifungal effects. It also may have antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. [References 1,2,3,4]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135799230553,"sku":"W010050000","price":2.9,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"pqq","title":"PQQ","description":"PQQ is a naturally occurring compound found in a variety of foods including kiwi, green tea, green peas, and herbs such as parsley. Its properties supporting mitochondrial health and increasing mitochondrial number are principal reasons it is used as a dietary supplement. For this reason it is used as a nootropic agent. It has also been found to have antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. It may also have other beneficial effects such as improving sleep quality.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135799787609,"sku":"W030026000","price":35.8,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"vitamin-b6-p5p","title":"Vitamin B6 (P5P)","description":"Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. It is the generic name for six compounds (vitamers) with vitamin B6 activity: pyridoxine, an alcohol; pyridoxal, an aldehyde; and pyridoxamine, which contains an amino group; and their respective 5’-phosphate esters. Pyridoxal 5’ phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5’ phosphate (PMP) are the active coenzyme forms of vitamin B6 [1,2]. Substantial proportions of the naturally occurring pyridoxine in fruits, vegetables, and grains exist in glycosylated forms that exhibit reduced bioavailability [3].\nVitamin B6 in coenzyme forms performs a wide variety of functions in the body and is extremely versatile, with involvement in more than 100 enzyme reactions, mostly concerned with protein metabolism [1]. Both PLP and PMP are involved in amino acid metabolism, and PLP is also involved in the metabolism of one-carbon units, carbohydrates, and lipids. Vitamin B6 also plays a role in cognitive development through the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and in maintaining normal levels of homocysteine, an amino acid in the blood. Vitamin B6 is involved in gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, immune function (for example, it promotes lymphocyte and interleukin-2 production), and hemoglobin formation [3].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135801688153,"sku":"W030012000","price":9.3,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"ginkgo","title":"Ginkgo","description":"Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest living tree species, often called a \"living fossil\" with origins dating back over 200 million years. Native to China, it has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. The standardized leaf extract, particularly EGb 761®, contains flavonoid glycosides and terpenoids (ginkgolides and bilobalide) as its primary active constituents. These compounds contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Ginkgo biloba improves cerebral and peripheral blood flow, modulates neurotransmitter systems, and exhibits antiplatelet effects. The extract has been extensively studied in modern clinical research, particularly for cognitive and vascular conditions [1,2,4,5].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135805882457,"sku":"W010060000","price":7.7,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"bergamot","title":"Bergamot","description":"Bergamot is a compound that is extracted from the rind of the fruit of a specific variety of the Seville orange tree which grows in Italy. Bergamot is different from other citrus extracts. Bergamot contains polyphenols, flavonoids and pectins that can have a beneficial effect on health. Specifically flavonoids such as brutieridin and melitidin as well as flavonoid O-glucosides and C-glucosides. It is the distinctive flavoring used in Earl Grey tea, and is also used as an essential oil for aromatherapy to relieve anxiety. Bergamot as an oral supplement has been used extensively and has good evidence for treating elevated blood lipid levels. It may also reduce inflammation, treat joint pain, and lower blood glucose levels. The flavonoids and other phytochemicals in bergamot promote immune response and heart health. The mechanisms that are related to bergamot’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects include chelation of metal ions, inhibition of enzymes producing reactive oxygen species, upregulation of endogenous antioxidant proteins, stimulation of autophagy of hepatic lipid droplets, reduction of DNA oxidative damage, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production, and reduction of lipid peroxidation. [References 1,2, 3, 4].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135807258713,"sku":"W010069000","price":12.8,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"dim-3-3-diindolylmethane","title":"DIM (3,3'-diindolylmethane)","description":"Diindolylmethane is derived from cruciferous vegetables as the primary metabolite of the compound Indole 3 Carbinol [I3C] found in brussel sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, cabbage, and other members of the cruciferous vegetable group. These vegetables are thought to have cellular protective effects on a variety of pathways. I3C is converted to DIM by a plant derived enzyme called myrosinase. Myrosinase is also produced by some but not all people in their gut flora. \n\nDIM is thought to have a number of positive metabolic effects on differing body systems. It may limit the accumulation of body fat. It has been shown to have immunomodulating effects. It also has antioxidant properties and may protect cells from radiation damage.\n\nDiets that include significant amounts of cruciferous vegetables have shown numerous health benefits. A number of these benefits are believed to be due to I3C and its active metabolite DIM.  [1,2,3,4,5].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135810273369,"sku":"W140019000","price":8.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"coffee","title":"Coffee","description":"The same plant that produces coffee beans that make the ever-popular drink also produces berries. These berries have long been discarded but recently have been discovered to have strong antioxidant and other properties that are beneficial to health.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135813419097,"sku":"W010053000","price":11.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"bacopa","title":"Bacopa","description":"Bacopa monneri is a traditional medicinal that has been used in a wide variety of conditions. These include use for depression and anxiety, as an antiinflammatory and antioxidant, to decrease or prevent seizures, and most consistently to improve cognitive function or prevent cognitive decline.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135814533209,"sku":"W010052000","price":5.4,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"sodium-butyrate","title":"Sodium butyrate","description":"Short chain fatty acids including butyrate, propionate and acetate are produced by the gut flora from prebiotic fibers. Of these three butyrate is the most important as it serves a key role in both nourishing the colonocytes which burn it for fuel and in sending immunomodulatory signals to balance immune function. Butyrate falls into a class of compounds called post-biotics. Unlike prebiotics which provide fiber to fuel the growth of the microbiome and probiotics which provide live or dead organisms themselves, postbiotics represent supplements that include metabolic products of healthy microbiome metabolism. [References 1,2,3].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135816007769,"sku":"W140017000","price":3.8,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"licorice","title":"Licorice","description":"Licorice root is a biologically active herbal preparation. The primary active component appears to be glycyrrhizin which has corticosteroid - like properties, apparently through inhibiting the breakdown of certain corticosteroids. It has been used for upper GI complaints such as gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD] and Dyspepsia for millennia. It also has anti - infective properties and may help lessen the effects of URI. Additionally, its anti - inflammatory properties are useful in skin conditions such as eczema. Its antioxidant properties have even demonstrated decreases in LDL cholesterol oxidation [Oxidized - LDL].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135817711705,"sku":"W010046000","price":2.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"zeaxanthin","title":"Zeaxanthin","description":"Zeaxanthin is plant derived compound that has a special affinity for the eye, especially the \nmacula. It helps to protect the eye from the harmful effects of light, especially blue light. It is also, a strong antioxidant and protect the critical structures of the eye including the macula and the lens from oxidative damage. It is used to protect the eye from age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, an inflammatory eye condition called uveitis and from diabetic retinopathy [1].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135820693593,"sku":"W010012000","price":9.3,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"rosemary","title":"Rosemary","description":"Rosemary is an herb used cooking for flavoring and cooking throughout much of the world. It has been found to have significant medical uses particularly in regard to enhancing memory and improving cognition. It also has strong antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135826362457,"sku":"W010049000","price":5.1,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"baical-chinese-skullcap","title":"Baical (Chinese) skullcap","description":"Chinese Skullcap is an herbal agent that has active antioxidant and antiinflammatory components. The active compounds are flavones including baicalin and baicalein. It has been used for a number of conditions most notably for anxiety and as an antiinflammatory compound. It also may have neuroprotective effects and blood sugar lowering effects.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135830261849,"sku":"W010044000","price":0.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"genistein","title":"Genistein","description":"Genistein is a compound derived from soy that has estrogenic properties. It is a plant estrogen, or phytoestrogen and as such many of its benefits derive from stimulating estrogen receptors. Phytoestrogens as opposed to endogenously or exogenously derived estrogens. Phytoestrogens interact more with E2 Estrogen receptors than E1 so they have a different safety profile yet maintain cardiovascular health benefits, the ability to positively influence bone density and effectiveness in improving the symptoms of menopausal hot flashes. [References 1]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135832293465,"sku":"W010038000","price":17.3,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"lemon-balm","title":"Lemon balm","description":"Lemon balm is a plant derived product. The leaves of the plant give off a distinctive lemon odor when bruised or crushed. The plant has been found to have sedative properties and also has demonstrated activity in shortening the duration of and possibly preventing recurrence of HSV1 and HSV2 infections.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135834325081,"sku":"W010033000","price":6.7,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"ginger","title":"Ginger","description":"Ginger is an agent that has long been used as a cooking spice in many cultures. It has also been shown to have medicinal properties. Its most common use is for stomach upset and nausea. It also has antiinflammatory effects and is used alone or in combination with other agents for improving the symptoms of osteoarthritis. Additionally, it has been shown to have promotility effects on the GI tract which may in part be responsible for its antinausea activity. [Reference 1]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135836094553,"sku":"W010048000","price":4.8,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"saw-palmetto","title":"Saw palmetto","description":"Saw palmetto has biological properties of being a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. The enzyme 5-alpha reductase converts testosterone into DHT [dihydrotestosterone]. Since dihydrotestosterone can cause prostate enlargement and baldness blocking this enzyme can decrease both of these problems.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135838814297,"sku":"W010043000","price":7.7,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"california-poppy","title":"California poppy","description":"California poppy is a cousin of the other poppy species around the world but is devoid of narcotic compounds. It does however have pain relieving properties and can be used for stress and mood disorders as well as a sedative. It contains a number of bioactive alkaloids including papaverine, noscapine, and tubocurarine, among others. They have been shown to be related to the antiinfalmmatory and pain-relieving effects. It has significant interactions with GABA receptors and may also modulate adrenergic pathways [References 1,2]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135842156633,"sku":"W010037000","price":9.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"cinnamon","title":"Cinnamon","description":"There are many types of cinnamon. Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), grown primarily in Sri Lanka, is known as “true” cinnamon. Cassia cinnamon (Cinnamomum aromaticum), grown in southeastern Asia, is the most common type sold in North America.\nUsed as a spice for thousands of years, cinnamon comes from the bark of various species of cinnamon trees. The leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots of cinnamon trees have also been used in cooking and for medicinal purposes. There are differences in the chemical composition of cinnamon products produced from different species or parts of cinnamon trees.\n                     Cinnamon has a long history of use in traditional medicine in various parts of the world,   \n                     including China, India, and Persia (Iran).\nToday, cinnamon is promoted as a dietary supplement for diabetes or for irritable bowel syndrome or other gastrointestinal problems, as well as other conditions. Cassia cinnamon is promoted for topical use (application to the skin) as an insect repellent.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135843565657,"sku":"W010032000","price":4.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"holy-basil","title":"Holy basil","description":"Holy Basil is an herb whose use goes back to Ayurvedic traditional medicine. Holy Basil is said to be an adaptogen that helps the body respond to stress. It is an antioxidant and also has specific beneficial effects for mood and anxiety issues as well as the potential to lower blood sugar.  It is also an antioxidant. [Reference 1,2,3,4]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135846088793,"sku":"W010039000","price":3.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"passionflower","title":"Passionflower","description":"Passionflower is a plant that has purple flowers. These have been used in traditional medicine for anxiety and insomnia and current use also is for anxiety and insomnia along with mood support. It is taken either as a supplement, a tincture or a tea most commonly.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135848841305,"sku":"W010034000","price":7.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"fenugreek","title":"Fenugreek","description":"The most common useful effects of Fenugreek relate to improvements in glucose metabolism. Either in addition to or because of improved glucose metabolism Fenugreek also has beneficial effects on lipid parameters such as HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Fenugreek was also found to be liver protective in certain experimental models. [1,2,3]","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135850774617,"sku":"W010030000","price":8.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"zinc-carnosine","title":"Zinc carnosine","description":"Zinc is an essential mineral that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Zinc is also found in many cold lozenges and some over-the-counter drugs sold as cold remedies.\n\nZinc is involved in numerous aspects of cellular metabolism. It is required for the catalytic activity of approximately 100 enzymes [1,2] and it plays a role in immune function [3,4], protein synthesis [4], wound healing [5], DNA synthesis [2,4], and cell division [4]. Zinc also supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence [6-8] and is required for proper sense of taste and smell [9]. A daily intake of zinc is required to maintain a steady state because the body has no specialized zinc storage system [10].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135852609625,"sku":"W140015000","price":10.9,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"vitamin-c","title":"Vitamin C","description":"Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Humans, unlike most animals, are unable to synthesize vitamin C endogenously, so it is an essential dietary component.\nVitamin C is required for the biosynthesis of collagen, L-carnitine, and certain neurotransmitters; vitamin C is also involved in protein metabolism Collagen is an essential component of connective tissue, which plays a vital role in wound healing. Vitamin C is also an important physiological antioxidant and has been shown to regenerate other antioxidants within the body, including alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). Ongoing research is examining whether vitamin C, by limiting the damaging effects of free radicals through its antioxidant activity, might help to support cardiovascular health, immune function and improves the absorption of nonheme iron, the form of iron present in plant-based foods. Insufficient vitamin C intake causes scurvy, which is characterized by fatigue or lassitude, widespread connective tissue weakness, and capillary fragility","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135856279641,"sku":"W030001000","price":1.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"taurine","title":"Taurine","description":"Taurine is an amino acid like compound. It has been used to increase circulation and blood flow. It has also been used to improve cognitive function and athletic performance. It is a strong antioxidant that can help slow the damage to cells. It is also used in over the counter energy drinks.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135860932697,"sku":"W140014000","price":1.9,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"l-glutamine","title":"L-glutamine","description":"Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid. It is a compound naturally found in the body. It is important for immune, digestive, and muscle health. The most common use as a dietary supplement is either alone or in combination with other agents to improve gastrointestinal health and integrity. It also may be of value in individuals who have pancreatitis in improving outcomes and decreasing death rates.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135863160921,"sku":"W140005000","price":2.6,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"quercetin","title":"Quercetin","description":"Quercetin is a compound that gives plants and foods yellowish coloration. It is found in apples, onions, and in some teas. It has been used for cardiovascular health and has shown beneficial effects on both blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. It may be of value in improving recovery and symptoms with upper respiratory tract infections.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135864569945,"sku":"W010031000","price":4.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"gaba","title":"GABA","description":"GABA is a neurotransmitter in the brain. It has been used for anxiety, panic disorders and stress. It can also be helpful for insomnia and has been found to lower blood pressure.  GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain which promotes calm and prevents overactivity of the brain [1]. It appears to be beneficial in ADD, Attention Deficit Disorder. Limited studies have also shown modest effects on blood pressure, but this is not a significant use for the supplement [2].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135865618521,"sku":"W130001000","price":2.9,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"grape-seed","title":"Grape Seed","description":"The active compounds in Grape seed extract include the strong antioxidant oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC), which has been widely studied.\nGrape seed extract is used as a dietary supplement for different clinical conditions including venous insufficiency and to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the body. Grape seed extract also appears to reduce inflammation. It decreases oxidative stress and may be beneficial for individuals with fatty liver. Grape seed extract may also be of value in venous disorders including venous insufficiency [1,3,4,8].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135868207193,"sku":"W010009000","price":3.5,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"rhodiola-rosea-rose-root","title":"Rhodiola rosea (Rose Root)","description":"Rhodiola is a plant known to grow in the mountainous areas of Asia and Europe. The root is used as a medicinal agent in traditional cultures. It is most commonly used as a supplement as an adaptogen for stress and also for fatigue and anxiety. It may also have a role as an agent to support mood and help depression.","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135869124697,"sku":"W010020000","price":12.2,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}]}],"url":"https:\/\/nof1.myshopify.com\/collections\/protocols.oembed?page=5","provider":"N of 1™ ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}