{"product_id":"magnesium-threonate","title":"Magnesium threonate","description":"Many functions of magnesium in organ systems throughout the body are related to the magnesium ion itself. Some are unique or accentuated in a specific salt of magnesium. Magnesium citrate, like magnesium sulfate, is often used for its laxative properties. [1]\nIn other circumstances, a specific counterion or chelate of magnesium has unique properties. Magnesium threonate is such a chelate as it possesses the unique ability to pass through the blood - brain barrier and increase brain magnesium levels to a higher degree than other magnesium salts and chelates. [1]\nMagnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood pressure regulation [2 - 4]. Magnesium is required for energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. It contributes to the structural development of bone and is required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and the antioxidant glutathione. Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [4].\nAn adult body contains approximately 25 g magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues [4]. Less than 1% of total magnesium is in blood serum, and these levels are kept under tight control. Normal serum magnesium concentrations range between 0.75 and 0.95 millimoles (mmol)\/L [2,6]. Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level less than 0.75 mmol\/L [7]. Magnesium homeostasis is largely controlled by the kidney, which typically excretes about 120 mg magnesium into the urine each day [2]. Urinary excretion is reduced when magnesium status is low [2].\nAssessing magnesium status is difficult because most magnesium is inside cells or in bone [4]. The most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status is measurement of serum magnesium concentration, even though serum levels have little correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues [7]. Other methods for assessing magnesium status include measuring magnesium concentrations in erythrocytes, saliva, and urine; measuring ionized magnesium concentrations in blood, plasma, or serum; and conducting a magnesium - loading (or “tolerance”) test. No single method is considered satisfactory [8]. Some experts [5] but not others [3] consider the tolerance test (in which urinary magnesium is measured after parenteral infusion of a dose of magnesium) to be the best method to assess magnesium status in adults. To comprehensively evaluate magnesium status, both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment might be required [7].","brand":"N of 1™ ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43135776981081,"sku":"W030015000","price":4.2,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/nof1.myshopify.com\/products\/magnesium-threonate","provider":"N of 1™ ","version":"1.0","type":"link"}